Knižní lázně. - Conversion of the Former Municipal Baths into a Community Center with a Library

Project idea

A tarefa em questão é a transformação dos Banhos Municipais de Prostějov num vibrante centro comunitário com uma biblioteca moderna. A instalação da biblioteca atual é inadequada em termos de capacidade para satisfazer as necessidades atuais, e os banhos municipais também estão subutilizados. Por conseguinte, será construído um novo edifício para albergar as funções essenciais do século XXI, enquanto a biblioteca se mudará para a estrutura existente dos banhos municipais. O novo edifício proposto, ou melhor, a sua nova forma, prevê uma multifuncionalidade abrangente. A integração das operações da biblioteca e do centro comunitário é absolutamente essencial. Idealmente, isto será complementado por um café e um salão de cabeleireiro. Todos estes requisitos foram incorporados com sucesso no projeto. O novo edifício, denominado "banhos biblioteca", destina-se a servir o público em geral. Funcionará não só como biblioteca, mas também como café, centro comunitário para crianças e adultos, e como espaço para diversas atividades de lazer.

Project description

Urban Planning Solution The building is situated in a highly strategic location. The idea of the library staff to create a facility that serves the general public and can be humorously referred to as the "living room of the city" is certainly appropriate. The close proximity to the city center, the location on Prostějov's "Ringstrasse," and the surrounding public infrastructure create ideal conditions for establishing an important public institution. Specifically, the building is located on Floriánské náměstí. To the east, the area is bordered by a busy city road, beyond which lies the historic city center. This traffic artery serves not only private cars but also public transportation, with a stop right next to the building. Nearby, a bicycle path runs across this road, connecting Floriánské náměstí to the historic core of the city. To the north, from the main facade of the building, there is a smaller city park approximately 60 x 60 meters in size. Like the adjacent bus stop, this is a recently cultivated area of solid quality. A diagonal bicycle path runs through this area, and there is appropriate street furniture infrastructure. These two sides correspond to the importance of the public building, but the remaining surrounding space is less favorable. To the west, the building is bordered by a secondary road serving mainly local residents. There is also a small parking lot for spa visitors. It is questionable whether this would suffice for the new purpose of the building. From an urban perspective, where the city serves people and not cars, it should be sufficient. However, whether this number of spaces meets the requirements of officials is debatable. I have not delved further into this issue. The only proposed changes to the public space concern the immediate surroundings and generally aim to intensify the connection to the park area. The first measure involves creating seating steps leading to the facade and especially to the café located in the most prominent corner. These steps will provide the café with significant contact with the surrounding public space, allowing for the placement of outdoor seating in front of the facade. The second measure involves changes to the paved surfaces. There is no change in the use of the areas; only the paved area in front of the building is reduced and replaced with gravel. Lastly, I propose re-paving the ramp with a smoother surface. The most significant changes have been made to the "garden" of the library on the southern side of the site. Its current state is rather poor. In line with the newly designed building, its character is changed so that it can rightfully be called a garden. These interventions include: removing inappropriate and underdeveloped greenery, preserving mature trees (one of the site's significant advantages is being surrounded by mature greenery), removing unsuitable structures, digging a small "English courtyard" for clubrooms in the basement, establishing a bicycle storage facility for library staff in the currently unused small building on the southwest corner of the site, and finally, designing new paved areas corresponding to the new purpose of the garden. These interventions aim to create an atmosphere of a library garden where readers, groups of friends, or interest clubs can spend time during the summer months. The orientation of the building, with the main entrance and facade facing the park, remains unchanged, as do the other side entrances, which are preserved in the design. The garden is considered an open space for visitors to the library. However, access is only allowed through the newly proposed building; direct access from the street gate to the garden is reserved for staff. Architectural Solution The fundamental concept of the design's atmosphere is the effort to maximally acknowledge the former purpose of the municipal baths and work with this heritage. This idea is closely tied to the main principle of utilizing the building's space: revealing and showcasing all the interesting areas of the former municipal baths to library users, particularly the swimming pool and the spaces beneath it for water maintenance. The swimming pool is the core of the architectural design. The pool serves as the identity carrier of the newly proposed building. The pool functions as the interior café of the library. The pool serves as a social space, the "living room of the city." The pool occasionally serves as a large hall for events. In short, the pool is the heart of the entire building, to which all operations are connected. Thanks to the existing skeletal system, the interior could be conceived as an open space, with the pool located at its center. To create a representative entrance hall, significant interventions were made, including a new staircase and elevator, as well as the removal of an entire ceiling slab to achieve a higher space. In working with the exterior, it was necessary to respond to the current dilapidated state of the building's exterior. The massing is very diverse. It could be said that it looks as if a dog and a cat, while baking a cake, decided to cook architecture. The solution was to unify the massing. This was achieved by a "ring" of loggias on the first floor around almost the entire perimeter of the building. While in the front facade, this was achieved by transforming part of the interior into an exterior, on both side facades, it involved simple extensions. These are not the only additions; the largest extension is on the ground floor towards the garden, serving as clubrooms for library visitors. A slight massing change also occurred on the third floor. Due to the accessibility of the roof for recreational purposes, a small addition was made to provide necessary sanitary and technical facilities. Overall, all exterior changes aimed to give the exterior dignity and importance. That is, to make it immediately clear from a distance that "hey, an important public building stands here." Spatial Layout The layout is based on maximum simplicity and even primitiveness. The axiality of the building is fundamentally reflected in this sector. The main entrance to all operations is located in the main facade. Immediately upon entering, one reaches the entrance hall. Here, there are return and pickup boxes for books and the monumental mass of the elevator and staircase. (As part of the operational solution, the existing main staircase was removed and replaced with a new, not only operationally different element.) From this hall, visitors' paths diverge. On the first floor, to the left (when facing the elevator), is the youth department; to the right is the children's department. And of course, in the center of the layout on both the first and second floors is the pool. On the first floor, there is also a café, barbershop, children's hall, sanitary facilities, and clubrooms for children and youth. The operation on the basement floor is designed to function completely independently of other operations when needed. That is, the rest of the building can be closed, but the basement can operate without difficulty. In this floor, there is a large hall located beneath the pool in the space previously designated for water purification. However, I found this "concrete cave" so interesting that it is preserved to the maximum possible extent. It is clear that this space is not ideal for all types of events intended for this hall, so I assume that, when necessary, the pool itself will be used for these events. In its edges, there are built-in retractable curtains that can be lowered if needed to visually and acoustically separate the space. Back to the basement. In addition to this hall, there is a gallery (also in the former water purification space, where the same principle of maximum conservation was applied), a small hall, necessary facilities (sanitary facilities, changing rooms, kitchenette). The entire block of the building with the southern facade (the one towards the garden) is dedicated to clubrooms. While on the first floor, these are for the library's children's and youth departments, on the basement floor, they are for public clubs. The last functional unit located in the basement is administration and storage. The second floor is the simplest in operation. It is solely dedicated to the adult library department with all corresponding facilities (study rooms, computer classrooms...). The third floor is conceived as a recreational terrace with only the necessary facilities (sanitary facilities and technical room). In addition to all these functions, each floor includes sanitary facilities separated for visitors and staff (here, there are also separate facilities for staff by operations) and staff facilities such as break rooms, storage, etc. Lastly, it is worth mentioning the bicycle storage for staff. This operational purpose utilizes a small, currently unused building on the western edge of the site (presumably previously served as a summer entrance).

Technical information

No que diz respeito às estruturas portantes, estas permanecem inalteradas, à exceção da remoção da laje do teto no hall de entrada para criar um espaço de duplo pé-direito. Apenas algumas adições propostas de menor relevância requerem atenção. Estas envolveriam provavelmente sistemas de paredes em blocos leves e esqueletos de varandas construídos em betão monolítico. A superfície da fachada é concebida como um reboco de betão com secções que apresentam um padrão em relevo reminiscente de estantes de livros, inspirado na textura da cofragem. A materialidade interior é mais variada. Um elemento de destaque é o esqueleto de betão armado aparente, presente em todo o espaço. Os espaços restantes podem ser divididos em duas categorias, ambas caracterizadas pela simplicidade, clareza visual e minimalismo. O primeiro tipo inclui espaços como o grande hall e a galeria, que são deixados no seu estado original sem qualquer alteração. Essencialmente, trata-se apenas de betão e novas portas metálicas coloridas. Os outros espaços são mais estratificados em termos de materiais. O elemento central é a piscina. As suas paredes de betão são pintadas no exterior numa cor laranja-rosa (doravante designada por salmão). No interior, a piscina mantém a mesma cor, mas num material diferente: é inteiramente revestida com azulejos côncavos em três tamanhos diferentes, criando "riscas". O mesmo padrão e dimensões são utilizados na já mencionada cofragem da fachada. Estes azulejos são também utilizados no interior para o sistema de informação e navegação, em cor branca ou salmão (dependendo do fundo). A cor salmão é igualmente aplicada à escadaria monolítica (em betão colorido) e ao corrimão. O restante interior apresenta tons neutros: reboco branco, terraço, ocasionalmente apenas imitação de terraço em marmoleum (por razões acústicas), carpete cinzento claro, madeira de faia (B114 nougat – amostra de cor TON). Por último, como resposta ao "estilo Bruxelas" do edifício, existem blocos de vidro e cantos de parede arredondados.